By Xinhua
Bangkok : Defining actions to deep emissions cut by industrialized countries will be the central issue to be addressed in a new round of UN-sponsored climate change negotiations, started with the five-day Bangkok Talks March 31-April 4, said the United Nations’ top official on climate change on Tuesday.
“Central to a successful Copenhagen agreement is clearly going to the deep emission cut by the industrialized countries, which are the main one responsible for the problem, and the one the developing countries are looking to show leadership,” said Yvo de Boer, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) secretariat, at a news conference here Tuesday, the second day of the Bangkok talks.
Some 2,000 delegates from governments and NGOs of 163 countries are attending the Bangkok talks, which opened on Monday, kicking off a fresh round of international negotiations after Parties to the UNFCCC agreed after difficult bargaining last December in Bali, Indonesia, on a road map for strengthening international action on climate change.
The new complex agreement, expected to be reached in Copenhagen Climate Change Conference in late 2009 in Denmark, will have one of its focus on defining further technical and financing support and assistance by the developed countries for developing countries in climate change mitigation and adaptation.
A number of different options for resourcing fund for global cooperative efforts are being discussed, said de Boer. Among them, China has suggested that the developed countries devote 0.5 percent of their GDP a year to help developing nations combat climate change, while Germany proposed auctioning a portion of emission rights and using the proceeds for international cooperation on climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Some attending UN officials said the Bangkok talks will prove easier in terms of atmosphere than the Bali conference, as it is just start of negotiations based on the just drafted Bali Road Map(BRM), on the way towards a new global cooperation strategy for combating climate change after the first commitment period of Kyoto Protocol expires by the end of 2012, and supposedly more technical-oriented.
The Bangkok meeting is expected to draw out a clear working plan for negotiations in less than two years before the Copenhagen conference scheduled in December next year produces the new treaty to allow enough time for governments of the Parties ratify by 2012.
Three more UN-sponsored meetings and conferences will take place between Bangkok and Copenhagen.
According to the latest report by the UN-sponsored Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), between 1979 and2004, emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) have increased by 70 percent, among them CO2 by 80 percent. The IPCC suggests that emissions need to be reduced by well more than half from current level by 2050 and more actions be taken to fight climate change if the world want to avoid severe negative impacts on environment, economy and other aspects in human society to realize as scientists have warned, including rise in global temperature by about three degrees, shortages in food and water, rising seas levels and more intense and frequent extreme weather events.
To avoid that scenario, the industrialized countries will be required to cut emissions by 25 to 40 percent during the second commitment period by 2020 under the Kyoto Protocol framework.
Under the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, the industrialized countries have committed to reducing emissions by a minimum of five percent by 2012 from 1990 levels. These group of rich countries can meet their commitments through domestic actions and international market mechanism like carbon-trade and clean development mechanism(CDM).